桁

けた
column
beam
digit

* * *

けた【桁】

①［建物の］

*beam

〖C〗〔建〕梁(^はり)

girder

〖C〗〔土木・建〕ガーダー， 桁

a web of a girder 桁腹.

②［数の］

*figure

〖C〗(数字の)位， 桁

double ［three］ figures 2［3］桁の数

**place

〖C〗〔数〕桁， 位

*column

/kɑ́ləm/ 〖C〗(そろばんの)桁.

* * *

けた【桁】

1 〔建物の〕 a beam; a crossbeam; 〔鉄製の〕 a girder; 〈集合的に〉 girdering; 〔船の〕 a spar; a yard; 〔そろばんの〕 a rod; 〔印刷物の〕 a column.

●桁を渡す lay a beam

・桁を支える support a beam.

2 〔単位〕 a unit; a digit; a figure; 〔位取り〕 a place; a column.

●ひと桁 one digit [figure]

・ひと桁下げる[上げる] take a figure down [up] one place

・ふた桁 two digits [figures]

・昭和ひと桁生まれ 《a person》 born in the first nine years of the Shōwa period [⇒しょうわ²]

・1 万円なら安いと思ったらひと桁違った. It seemed cheap at \10,000, but there was one more zero [I was wrong by a factor of ten].

・今度の競技会ではひと桁台の成績を狙います. In this competition I want to come in the first nine (places).

・下[上]ひと桁(の数字) the last [first] digit 《of a large number》

・下[上]ふた桁(の数字) the last [first] two digits 《of a large number》

・西暦の上ふた桁を省略する omit the first two digits of the year

・当選番号は A, B 組とも下ふた桁が 26 と 33 です. The winning numbers are (in groups) A or B, ending 26 or 33.

・4桁の電話番号を回す dial a four-digit (phone) number

・円周率[π]を小数点以下 15桁まで暗記する memorize pi to 15 decimal places [15 places of decimals, the fifteenth decimal place].

●今年から市外局番が 3桁になった. This year the area code changed to three digits [figures].

・得点をふた桁に乗せる get at least 10 points; raise one's score to double figures

・今月の交通事故件数はなんとかひと桁にとどまった. We have managed to keep traffic accidents this month within [down to] single figures.

・失業率がついにふた桁に達した. The unemployment rate has finally gone into double figures.

●4桁の数 a four-digit[-figure] number

・飛行機の便名には 3桁の数字がよく使われる. A three-digit number is often used for flight numbers.

・10桁の金額 an amount of money in 10 figures; a 10-figure amount

・10桁の暗算 mental calculation of 10 figures; calculating 10 figures in one's head

・今季の売り上げは一気にふた桁の伸びを示した. There has been a sudden double-digit increase in this season's sales.

●桁を間違える mistake a zero [decimal place]

・番組の視聴率がふた桁を超えた[割った]. The program had a rating above [below] double figures.

けたが違う differ widely 《from…》; be widely different [poles apart] 《from…》; be on a different order of magnitude 《from…》; make [stand] no comparison 《with…》; be no match 《for…》. [⇒けたちがい]

●モスクワの冬の寒さは日本とは桁が違う. The winter cold in Moscow is totally different from that in Japan.

・同じ大規模農業と言っても日本と米国では桁が違う. They both have large-scale agriculture, but Japan and the US are on different orders of magnitude.

けたが外れる go beyond the normal scale [expectations]. [⇒けたはずれ]

●あいつの飲み方は桁がはずれている. The way he drinks is beyond what normal people do.

側桁 a stringer (beam).

軒桁 a pole plate.

前[後, 親, 補助]桁 a front [a rear, a main, an auxiliary] spar.

桁上げ 【電算】 a carry.

桁受け a template; a templet; a beam seat [support].

桁送り 【電算】 a shift.

桁隠し a (fish-shaped) (decorative) cover for the end of a beam.

桁構え[組み] girdering; a truss.

桁下

●桁下 2.5m 2.5m Headroom; Max. Height 2.5 m.

桁数 the number of digits [figures] 《in a number》.

桁橋 a girder bridge. [⇒はし⁴ (さし絵)]

桁腹 the web of a girder.

桁控え a girder stay.

桁行 the length of a beam.